Which statement correctly distinguishes confidentiality and privileged communication?

• A. Confidentiality is a legal issue, and privileged is ethical
• B. Confidentiality is ethical, and privileged is legal
• C. Both are purely legal
• D. Both are purely ethical

Answer: (B)

The core idea here is the difference between an ethical obligation and a legal protection. Confidentiality is the therapist’s ethical duty to keep what a client shares private, guided by professional codes of ethics, with disclosure allowed only with informed consent or under narrowly defined exceptions. Privileged communication is a legal shield that prevents certain communications from being disclosed in court, created by statute or case law and varying by jurisdiction. Therefore, confidentiality is rooted in ethical practice, while privileged communication operates within the legal system. That’s why the best choice states that confidentiality is ethical and privileged is legal. The other views miss this distinct foundation, lumping the two together as purely one realm or the other.